每周一词第168期“三牛”精神

 The Spirit of the Ox

【背景信息】

中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平强调，在全面建设社会主义现代化国家的道路上要继续发扬“三牛”精神。

President Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, has urged promoting "the spirit of the ox" in pursuit of fully building a modern socialist China.

2020年国内国际形势错综复杂的条件下，我国取得了新冠肺炎疫情阻击战和抗击洪灾的重大战略性成果，实现经济正增长。2021年，在我国实现乡村振兴，实施新发展理念，深化改革开放的进程中，“三牛”精神将发挥更加重要的作用。

Despite complicated international and domestic situations in 2020, China has made major strategic achievements in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic, conquered serious floods and achieved positive economic growth. The spirit of the ox will play a more important role in the year 2021 as China strives to achieve rural vitalization, implement a new development paradigm and deepen reform and opening-up.

【详细介绍】

孺子牛 serving-the-people ox

牛是勤劳、奉献、奋进与力量的象征。人们把为民服务、无私奉献比喻为“孺子牛”

Ox is a symbol of diligence, dedication, progress and strength. The selfless commitment to the good of the people is represented by 孺子牛, or the "serving-the-people ox".

“孺子牛”出自《左传·哀公六年》中记载的一个典故，原意是表示父母对子女的过分疼爱。后来现代伟大文学家鲁迅《自嘲》中的“横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛”名句使“孺子牛”的精神得到升华，人们用“孺子牛”来比喻心甘情愿为人民大众服务，无私奉献的人。

因此，我们可以用“为人民服务（serve the people）”来表示孺子牛的这种奉献精神。

拓荒牛 pioneering ox

拓荒牛意指创新发展、攻坚克难的精神。

To seek innovation and development and overcome difficulties is reflected by 拓荒牛, or the "pioneering ox".

“拓荒牛”的翻译重点体现在它的拓荒精神，也就是开拓进取、创新发展、攻坚克难的精神，这个意思在英语中有个很好的对应词“pioneering”，也是表达这种开拓创新的先驱精神。

老黄牛 persisting ox

老黄牛是对艰苦奋斗、吃苦耐劳精神的写照。

Hard work and the willingness to endure hardships define the 老黄牛, or the "persisting ox".

孺子牛意指为民服务、无私奉献的精神，拓荒牛意指创新发展、攻坚克难的精神，老黄牛意指艰苦奋斗、吃苦耐劳的精神。“三牛”精神既是对过去中国人民攻坚克难经验的精准提炼，也是对未来开拓进取的深沉冀望。

【重要讲话】

我们要深刻铭记中国人民和中华民族为实现民族独立、人民解放和国家富强、人民幸福而奋斗的百年艰辛历程，发扬为民服务孺子牛、创新发展拓荒牛、艰苦奋斗老黄牛的精神，永远保持慎终如始、戒骄戒躁的清醒头脑，永远保持不畏艰险、锐意进取的奋斗韧劲，在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上奋勇前进，以优异成绩庆祝中国共产党成立100周年！

We must remember the arduous century-long journey of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation in their struggle to achieve national independence，the liberation of the people，national prosperity and the happiness of the people. We must promote the spirit of the ox in serving the people，driving innovative development and working tirelessly. We must continue to be careful，as we were in the past，guarding against arrogance and impetuosity，and continue to fear no hardship and be enterprising，marching forward bravely on the new journey of fully building a modern socialist country，and marking the centenary of the Communist Party of China with outstanding achievements.

——2020年12月31日，习近平在全国政协新年茶话会上的讲话

【相关词汇】

乡村振兴         rural vitalization

横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛

Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers. Head-bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children.

（参考来源：中国日报，译世界）

  撰稿：李天宇