每周一词第148期
抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国实践:十大关键词
10 Key Phrases in China’s COVID-19 Fight
【背景资料 Background】
“抗击新冠病毒的中国方案”主题网站四月发布《抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国实践》（China's Fight Against COVID-19）中英双语报告，初步总结梳理过去一段时间中国抗击疫情的举措和方法，以期与国际社会携手应对共同威胁和挑战，共同维护全球公共卫生安全。该报告系由中国日报社中国观察智库，在采访征询 60 余位公共卫生专家和中外学者意见基础上，联合清华大学国情研究院、北京协和医学院卫生健康管理政策学院共同研究，初步梳理总结中国抗击疫情的经验和做法后形成。
我们摘取了一些关键词与大家分享。
【词义解析 Definition】
信息发布机制
Information release mechanism
疫情信息发布依法做到公开、透明、及时、准确。国务院新闻办公室1月26日起不定期就新冠病毒肺炎疫情联防联控工作有关情况举行发布会。2月3日起，国务院应对新冠肺炎疫情联防联控机制新闻发布会每日举行。
Information, including daily updates of confirmed cases, suspected cases and response policies, has been revealed to the public in a timely, transparent and accurate manner through various means such as press conferences held by the State Council Information Office, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and local governments.
避免污名化
Avoid stigmatization
世卫组织多次声明，反对将病毒与特定国家、地区相联系。今年2月，世卫组织将新冠肺炎命名为“COVID-19”。
Viruses are a common challenge faced by the entire human race. The novel coronavirus was named SARS-CoV-2 and the relevant disease was named as COVID-19 according to international guidelines of avoiding association between viruses or infectious diseases with any geographic locations, cultures or groups of people.
高、中、低风险地区
High-, medium- and low-risk areas
以县市区为单位，无确诊病例或连续14天无新增确诊病例为低风险地区；14天内有新增确诊病例，累计确诊病例不超过50例，或累计确诊病例超过50例14天未发生聚集性疫情为中风险地区；累计病例超过50例，14天内有聚集性疫情发生为高风险地区。
Cities, counties and districts with no active cases or with no new infections in the past 14 days are categorized as low-risk regions; those with new infections in the past 14 days and fewer than 50 cumulative confirmed cases, or with over 50 cumulative confirmed cases but without a concentrated outbreak in the past 14 days are categorized as medium-risk regions; those with over 50 cumulative confirmed cases and a concentrated outbreak in the past 14 days are categorized as high-risk regions.
自我隔离
Self-quarantine
疫情发生以来，中国人民自行实行自我隔离、尽量居家、减少非必要出行，以预防交叉感染。确诊病例的密切接触者要严格进行集中隔离或居家隔离至少14天，观察是否已被感染。
Since the outbreak, Chinese people have carried out self-quarantine, cut non-essential travel and stayed at home as much as possible to prevent cross-infection. Close contacts of confirmed cases should observe strict centralized quarantine or home quarantine for at least 14 days to see if there is any infection.
保持社交距离
Social distancing
在公共场所，人与人之间应保持约2米的社交距离，预防感染发生。国家鼓励人们在公共场所佩戴口罩、不扎堆、不聚集。
In public places, people should keep about 2 meters away from each other to protect themselves from possible infection. People are encouraged to wear a mask in public and avoid crowds or meal gatherings.
健康码
Health QR code
由“红黄绿”三色二维码作为数字化健康证明，是识别健康状况的一个高效辅助工具。在浙江杭州率先上线，全国各地随后纷纷采用。
Based on information people voluntarily offer, a mobile app could generate a health QR code with different colors: Green code means little chance of having been infected, while holders of yellow and red codes must be put under quarantine for a few days and report their health information daily before they are cleared for travel again. The health QR code system was first adopted in Hangzhou city of Zhejiang province, and then expanded to other Chinese cities.
应收尽收、应治尽治
Admitting all suspected and confirmed cases for treatment
习近平主席要求坚决做到应收尽收，全力做好救治工作，切实提高收治率和治愈率、降低感染率和病亡率。
President Xi Jinping stressed that all-out efforts should be made to admit all suspected and confirmed cases for treatment, raise the hospital admission rate and the recovery rate, and lower the infection rate and the fatality rate.
集中拉网式排查
Massive screening of potential virus carriers
在武汉市等重点地区以社区为单位进行全面排查，确保不漏一户、不漏一人，对确诊患者百分百应收尽收、疑似患者百分百核酸检测。这是坚持人民生命至上、遵循应收尽收原则的具体措施。
With the principle of saving every life, community-based screening was carried out in key regions such as Wuhan to identify all confirmed infections, suspected cases and close contacts. Patients and people at high risk would be sent to proper medical institutions for timely treatment and to reduce the risk of further spread of the virus.
无症状感染者
Asymptomatic patients
无症状感染者，指无发热、咳嗽、咽痛等症状，但新冠病毒检测为阳性的人。少数无症状感染者会发展为确诊病例，但绝大多数会自愈。
People who display no relevant symptoms such as fever, cough or sore throat, but test positive for the novel coronavirus. A very small number of asymptomatic cases develop into confirmed infections, but most recover on their own.
方舱医院
Fangcang shelter hospitals
由模块化组合而成的方舱医院，具有良好的机动性，适合特殊情况下快速部署展开，可以在短时间内到达传染病专科医院收治要求，隔离传染源。
Also known as mobile cabin hospitals. Under the principle of leaving no one untreated, sports stadiums and convention centers were quickly converted to mobile cabin hospitals to treat patients with mild symptoms.
（英文来源：China Daily）
撰稿：李天宇