每周一词第183期

建党100周年中英双语热词

【背景信息】

在迎来中国共产党建党100周年之际，中央编译出版社权威发布了建党100周年中英双语热词，规范了部分党史词汇的权威翻译，从多语言角度讲述好中国故事。 今天节选其中部分单词供大家收藏学习。

【详细介绍】

1. Founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC)

中国共产党的成立

The convening of the CPC’s First National Congress marked its formal founding, which was a groundbreaking event in Chinese history. Ever since it was founded, the CPC has upheld Marxism as its guide to action and has always taken the pursuit of happiness for the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its original aspiration and founding mission. After it was founded, the CPC brought a new look to the Chinese revolution.

中共一大的召开标志着中国共产党正式成立，这是中国历史上开天辟地的大事变。中国共产党从一开始就坚持以马克思主义作为行动指南，始终把为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴作为初心和使命。自从有了中国共产党，中国革命的面目就焕然一新了。

2. “Down with the imperialist powers! Down with the warlords!”

“打倒列强，除军阀”

“Down with the imperialist powers! Down with the warlords!” was the iconic slogan of the National Revolution during the first period of KMT-CPC cooperation. “Down with the imperialist powers” means to oppose the imperialist invasion of China and to bring about the independence and liberation of China. “Down with the warlords” means to overthrow the rule of the feudal warlords, mainly the Northern Warlords, and to establish a democratic government. In the National Revolution, the KMT and the CPC led the workers’ and peasants ’ movements and launched the Northern Expeditionary War, dealing a fatal blow to imperialists and the Northern Warlords.

 “打倒列强，除军阀”是国共两党第一次合作期间，共同掀起的国民大革命的标志性口号。打倒列强，是要反对帝国主义侵略中国，使中国获得独立解放。除军阀，是要推翻以北洋军阀为主的封建军阀的统治，建立民主政府。在国民大革命中，国共两党领导工农运动，发动北伐战争，给了帝国主义和北洋军阀以致命打击。

3. Nanchang Uprising南昌起义

The failure of the National Revolution made the CPC realize that “political power comes from the barrel of a gun.” On August 1, 1927, the armed forces under the Party’s leadership and influence fired the first shot of armed resistance against the KMT reactionaries in Nanchang. The Nanchang Uprising set up a banner of revolutionary armed struggle in front of the entire Party and the whole country, and marked the glorious starting point for the Party to create a new type of people’s military.

国民大革命的失败使党认识到“枪杆子里面出政权”。1927年8月1日，党领导掌握和影响的武装，在南昌打响了武装反抗国民党反动派的第一枪。南昌起义在全党和全国人民面前树立起一面革命武装斗争的旗帜，是党创建新型人民军队的光辉起点。

4. Jinggang Mountains Revolutionary Base井冈山革命根据地

The Jinggang Mountains Revolutionary Base was the first rural revolutionary base created under the leadership of CPC after the defeat of the Great Revolution. In October 1927, Mao Zedong led the troops of the Autumn Harvest Uprising to the Jinggang Mountains at the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains and established a rural revolutionary base there under the leadership of the Party. The creation and struggle of the Jinggang Mountains Revolutionary Base set the Chinese revolution on the correct course.

井冈山革命根据地是大革命失败后中国共产党领导创建的第一个农村革命根据地。1927年10月，毛泽东率领秋收起义部队到达罗霄山脉中段的井冈山，创立了党领导下的农村革命根据地。井冈山革命根据地的创建和斗争，为中国革命指明了方向。

5. Overthrow the local despots and distribute land

“打土豪、分田地”

Overthrowing the local despots and distributing land was the core of the Agrarian Revolution carried out by the people under the Party’s leadership rural revolutionary bases. It means to abolish the feudal system of land ownership by landlords and institute the land policy of land to the tiller. The Agrarian Revolution overthrew the feudal land ownership system that had existed for thousands of years and enabled the poor peasants to share the land. This gave the Chinese revolution the broadest possible popular support.

“打土豪、分田地”是党在广大农村革命根据地领导人民进行土地革命的核心内容，也即废除封建地主土地所有制，实行耕者有其田的土地政策。土地革命推翻了几千年来的封建土地所有制，使广大贫苦农民分得土地。从此，中国革命找到了最广泛的群众基础。

6. Long March长征

The Long March was a strategic shift of the Party and the Red Army from the bases north and south of the Yangtze River to the revolutionary bases in the northwest after the failure of the Fifth Counter-Campaign against Encirclement and Suppression. The victory of the Red Army’s Long March was the key to making the Chinese revolution secure. During the Long March, the Party and the Red Army sowed the seeds of revolution far and wide. The great Long March Spirit became a powerful motivation for the Communists and the people’s military to continue to move forward.

长征是党和红军在第五次反“围剿”失败后，从长江南北各根据地向西北地区革命根据地进行的战略大转移。红军长征的胜利，是中国革命转危为安的关键。在长征途中，党和红军广泛播下了革命的种子。伟大的长征精神，成为激励共产党人和人民军队继续前进的强大动力。

7. Zunyi Meeting遵义会议

The Zunyi Meeting was an extremely important meeting held during the Long March. It put an end to the rule of Wang Ming’s “Left” dogmatism in the Party Central Committee. It established Mao Zedong’s leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Red Army. This saved the Party, the Red Army and the Chinese revolution at an extremely critical moment, marking a life-or-death turning point in the history of the Party and the beginning of the political maturity of the CPC.

遵义会议是长征途中召开的一次极其重要的会议。会议结束了王明“左”倾教条主义在中央的统治，实际上确立了毛泽东在党中央和红军的领导地位，在极端危急的关头挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命，是党的历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，标志着中国共产党在政治上开始走向成熟。

8. Seek truth from facts “实事求是”

Seeking truth from facts is the fundamental view point of Marxism, and the basic way of thinking, work and leadership of the CPC. In May 1941, when Mao Zedong gave a report entitled “Reform Our Study” at a meeting of officials in Yan’an, he elaborated for the first time the meaning of seeking truth from facts: “‘Facts’ are all the things that exist objectively, ‘truth’ means their internal relations, that is, the laws governing them, and ‘seek’ means to study.” Since then, seeking truth from facts has become the Party’s long-held guiding principle.

 “实事求是”是马克思主义的根本观点，是党的基本思想方法、工作方法、领导方法。1941年5月，毛泽东在延安干部会议上作《改造我们的学习》的报告时，第一次详细阐述了“实事求是”的内涵：“‘实事’就是客观存在着的一切事物，‘是’就是客观事物的内部联系，即规律性，‘求’就是我们去研究。”此后，“实事求是”成为党长期坚持的思想路线。

9. Serve the people wholeheartedly “全心全意为人民服务”

Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose that the CPC always adheres to. In September 1944, Mao Zedong delivered a speech entitled “Serve the People” when attending a memorial meeting for Zhang Side, in which he initially elaborated the idea of serving the people. In April 1945, Mao Zedong further discussed the idea of serving the people wholeheartedly at the Seventh National Party Congress. The Party Constitution adopted at the Seventh National Party Congress formally included serving the people wholeheartedly in its General Program, making it the fundamental purpose that the Party must adhere to.

 “全心全意为人民服务”是中国共产党始终坚持的根本宗旨。1944年9月，毛泽东在出席张思德追悼会时，发表了《为人民服务》的讲演，初步阐述了为人民服务的思想。1945年4月，毛泽东在党的七大上，进一步提出了“全心全意为人民服务”的思想。党的七大通过的党章，正式将“全心全意为人民服务”写入总纲，成为了党必须坚持的根本宗旨。

10. “two imperatives”“两个务必”

The “two imperatives” were the fundamental demands made by Mao Zedong to all Party members at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Party Central Committee, in the face of the imminent victory of the War of Liberation and the imminent assumption of national power by the Party. The “two imperatives” refer to that, “The comrades must be taught to remain modest, prudent and free from arrogance and rashness in their style of work. The comrades must be taught to preserve the style of plain living and hard struggle.” The “two imperatives” not only served as a warning to the whole Party at that time, but also serve as a guide even now.

“两个务必”是在党的七届二中全会上，面对着解放战争即将迎来全面胜利、党即将执掌全国政权的形势，毛泽东对全体党员提出的根本要求。其内容是“务必使同志们继续地保持谦虚、谨慎、不骄、不躁的作风，务必使同志们继续地保持艰苦奋斗的作风”。“两个务必”的提出，不仅在当时起到了警醒全党的作用，而且直到现在都具有指导意义。

（参考来源：中央编译出版社）

  撰稿：李天宇